The Dove real beauty campaign was started in 2004 when declining sales of dove products had them go to Edelman PR for help. With the wealth of competition on the shelves that could rival dove products they decided to approach potential customers with ideologies rather than marketing of a product. These ideologies came in the form of what beauty is, linking to Dove in the way that they sell beauty products. People would see advertisements for these philosophical concepts and could go to the Dove website to cast votes.
They formed and executed the campaign at the right time, as it was when tabloids and glossy magazines were obsessively writing about eating disorders. It was also the start of web 2.0 with MySpace and Facebook where society were increasingly putting photos of each other and themselves on the internet and becoming vain in physical appearance in front of a global community.
The idea was to make women feel beautiful regardless of size, shape or any other feature, literally just the way they are. There have been many praises and few criticisms of the campaign, providing the essence of a good follow through on the original idea. The point of a pr campaign is to get the same message you sent to the receiver through a variety of channels and Edelman-Dove seemed to have accomplished that task. The tabloids continued with their aforementioned obsession but they crafted an angle similar to Dove real beauty and how all their case studies were trying to return to these.
However, as is the nature of humans to think pessimistically, did it become that if everyone was beautiful then nobody was? The campaign had commissioned research on all women to realise what views they had on beauty and found that just over 60% of women and girls asked across seven countries wanted to change their appearance, when the same research was redone two years later they found this had risen to 90%. Was the campaign to blame for the consciousness of what beauty is when it set out to make people aware that beauty isn’t what society was subtly painting it as?
The campaign also hit its target audience, all women orientated magazines and almost all tabloids challenge the conception of ‘real beauty’ in every issue since the campaign. Although, they had always spoken of appearance woes and such in their issues, even if it wasn’t a full page spread.
However they targeted women as a whole, target audiences tend to be niche to an extent but this campaign sought to include half of the global population. This helped its cause as to only keep it national would have made people think that only western culture is pretty, if they limited that it would put limitations on everything they said, so creating a global real beauty culture they mocked limitations and made all think of their philosophies.
The use of a website voting system was also clever as it meant anyone can access it. As from 2004 public places offered internet connectivity so everyone could always get to it, rather than having to spend money and time calling or filling out forms to post.
529 words.
References
http://www.psucomm473.blogspot.com/2007/03/dove-campaign-for-real-beauty-case.html [accessed May 26 2010]
Showing posts with label PR Histories and Practices. Show all posts
Showing posts with label PR Histories and Practices. Show all posts
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
Tuesday, May 25, 2010
PR depicted in fiction: histories assignment
PR practitioners depicted in fiction since 1995.
“Darling, she does a lot more than planning parties. She chit chats with club owners and trades on gossip about other people’s clients to the columnists so they’ll write good things about her own clients and sends gifts to celebrities to convince them to attend her events so the press will as well- all the while looking very pretty when she goes out every night.” (Weisberger, 2005: 57) This is a fictional journalist in ‘Everybody Worth Knowing’ explaining the career of a pr practitioner. This pr is depicted as an event and celebrity specialist, but one who encourages social networking in a physical sense. The whole agency is in the big name clubs of Manhattan every night, not leaving until after three am and expected back in the office. They are shown as being very knowledgeable about their topic and incredible stamina on such little sleep as they all go to morning meetings every day. But their personalities are left questionable.
Weisberger’s views of the media are shown as early in the book as page 58, with the same above journalist saying “I’ll give you 24 hours to debate the pros and cons of accepting a job where you can party for a living.” The phrase itself has the tone of ‘of course you will accept’ as it seems so good, but this is said by another media professional. The real tone behind it was more sinister, for the reader could assume that this ‘career’ has no seriousness attached to it, that it is just another institution whereby money is given to be squandered by an individual for pleasure with no real hard work attached to it.
The book itself relays again and again how good the main character, Bette, is a fantastic writer, slipping in how she got awards and how her writing was praised by many people and this is why she is offered the job as a PR. Yet she never utilises this talent, she is only ‘seen’ going to more parties and complaining about the amount. It is as though Weisberger wants the reader to dislike marketing social events. She gives Bette mini parties with a book club as well which is written with a lot of humour and compassion, but the bigger more agency related parties were always described with debauchery antics. Everyone who attended these parties were drug addicts, and so were so often acting immorally under the influence, they had no reservations against what most people would blush at the thought of.
The main character also becomes estranged from her friends so that she can socialise with people she doesn’t know, to help better the agency. This denotes that a pr practitioner is quite false as they don’t really have a true friend around them, they are out doing a job at these parties and do not care as long as they get press coverage which means more money to go to more parties. It became a monotonous circle in the book; even the reader became bored of the parties but was captured by the sense of disaster that looms with each turn of the page.
Continuing with the concept of falseness, it is reiterated quite obviously by Kelly, the owner of the pr agency in the book; “Bette, honey, I don’t care if it’s not true, I just care that it’s being covered...” (Weisberger, 2005: 133). It is as though a pr is untrustworthy because their job is to become trustworthy. They just want to be in the media, they do not ‘care’ about the reasons, as long as it isn’t bad. That specific use of the phrase ‘I don’t care’ by the manager leaves the reader with the idea that pr only do half a job. Even though the agency is successful, the reader does not seem to connect nor be impressed as the people within are just so unlikeable, especially when they are out trying to be liked. It is not a good book for a pr.
However, just the tagline to the film ‘Thank you for smoking’ negates Weisberger’s ‘false’ views, stating “don’t hide the truth... just filter it.” Meaning that PR practitioners, or ‘lobbyists’ as the film calls them, do actually deal with truth, but they spin it to make it sound good for whatever campaign or company they are representing.
‘Thank you for smoking’ really illustrates how dangerous a pr career can be. A pr practitioner can sometimes become the face of the company, they are the spokesperson and they are who everyone turns to. Therefore fictional pr tends be made from strong characters when they reach the top, it is the people who can easily bluff and talk their way out of problems, it was seen in both the film and Weisberger used it to when Bette could have a conversation with anyone without really paying attention, she was just talented at being able to reply when she needed to make it look like she was giving full attention.
“Everyone needs to pay the mortgage,” says Nick Naylor (Played by Aaron Eckhart in Thank you for smoking) when challenged as to why he is a pr for a tobacco company, therefore naturally hated by many. He is good at his job and it gets him the money he needs, just like any other job, even if the morals are, like in Weisberger’s novel, questionable.
There is one practitioner who has innocent reasoning in fiction, and does pr campaigns for the good of society and his fellow man. In ‘Hancock’, starring Will Smith, the pr Ray Embrey says to Hancock “People should love you. They really should, okay? And I want to deliver that for you. It's the least that I can do. You're a superhero. Kids should be running up to you, asking for your autograph, people should be cheering you on the streets...” Ray literally is in the job to help society feel better, to boost morale. He is depicted as very war time pr when the government needed to send out messages to make society feel safe and keep people happy enough to survive through the war.
In conclusion, pr practitioners are depicted mostly as people with a talent for words just working another job but do it celebrated in the media. They talk to people and they get to know people, even if it is just making acquaintances rather than real friendships. It also seeps into their personal lives, it is very much a career that covers your life for 24/7 and the practitioner used for analogy tends to be a strong character that can cope with the pressures of the workload, but of course the plot of a fiction would be difficult and complicated to overcome so there is some extremist scenarios you have to overlook for a representation of the character.
1002 words.
References
Hancock, 2008. [Film] Directed by Peter Berg. USA: Columbia Pictures.
Thank-you for smoking, 2005. [Film] Directed by Jason Reitman. USA: 20th Century Fox.
Weisberger, Lauren. Everyone Worth Knowing. 2005. Harper Collins: London.
“Darling, she does a lot more than planning parties. She chit chats with club owners and trades on gossip about other people’s clients to the columnists so they’ll write good things about her own clients and sends gifts to celebrities to convince them to attend her events so the press will as well- all the while looking very pretty when she goes out every night.” (Weisberger, 2005: 57) This is a fictional journalist in ‘Everybody Worth Knowing’ explaining the career of a pr practitioner. This pr is depicted as an event and celebrity specialist, but one who encourages social networking in a physical sense. The whole agency is in the big name clubs of Manhattan every night, not leaving until after three am and expected back in the office. They are shown as being very knowledgeable about their topic and incredible stamina on such little sleep as they all go to morning meetings every day. But their personalities are left questionable.
Weisberger’s views of the media are shown as early in the book as page 58, with the same above journalist saying “I’ll give you 24 hours to debate the pros and cons of accepting a job where you can party for a living.” The phrase itself has the tone of ‘of course you will accept’ as it seems so good, but this is said by another media professional. The real tone behind it was more sinister, for the reader could assume that this ‘career’ has no seriousness attached to it, that it is just another institution whereby money is given to be squandered by an individual for pleasure with no real hard work attached to it.
The book itself relays again and again how good the main character, Bette, is a fantastic writer, slipping in how she got awards and how her writing was praised by many people and this is why she is offered the job as a PR. Yet she never utilises this talent, she is only ‘seen’ going to more parties and complaining about the amount. It is as though Weisberger wants the reader to dislike marketing social events. She gives Bette mini parties with a book club as well which is written with a lot of humour and compassion, but the bigger more agency related parties were always described with debauchery antics. Everyone who attended these parties were drug addicts, and so were so often acting immorally under the influence, they had no reservations against what most people would blush at the thought of.
The main character also becomes estranged from her friends so that she can socialise with people she doesn’t know, to help better the agency. This denotes that a pr practitioner is quite false as they don’t really have a true friend around them, they are out doing a job at these parties and do not care as long as they get press coverage which means more money to go to more parties. It became a monotonous circle in the book; even the reader became bored of the parties but was captured by the sense of disaster that looms with each turn of the page.
Continuing with the concept of falseness, it is reiterated quite obviously by Kelly, the owner of the pr agency in the book; “Bette, honey, I don’t care if it’s not true, I just care that it’s being covered...” (Weisberger, 2005: 133). It is as though a pr is untrustworthy because their job is to become trustworthy. They just want to be in the media, they do not ‘care’ about the reasons, as long as it isn’t bad. That specific use of the phrase ‘I don’t care’ by the manager leaves the reader with the idea that pr only do half a job. Even though the agency is successful, the reader does not seem to connect nor be impressed as the people within are just so unlikeable, especially when they are out trying to be liked. It is not a good book for a pr.
However, just the tagline to the film ‘Thank you for smoking’ negates Weisberger’s ‘false’ views, stating “don’t hide the truth... just filter it.” Meaning that PR practitioners, or ‘lobbyists’ as the film calls them, do actually deal with truth, but they spin it to make it sound good for whatever campaign or company they are representing.
‘Thank you for smoking’ really illustrates how dangerous a pr career can be. A pr practitioner can sometimes become the face of the company, they are the spokesperson and they are who everyone turns to. Therefore fictional pr tends be made from strong characters when they reach the top, it is the people who can easily bluff and talk their way out of problems, it was seen in both the film and Weisberger used it to when Bette could have a conversation with anyone without really paying attention, she was just talented at being able to reply when she needed to make it look like she was giving full attention.
“Everyone needs to pay the mortgage,” says Nick Naylor (Played by Aaron Eckhart in Thank you for smoking) when challenged as to why he is a pr for a tobacco company, therefore naturally hated by many. He is good at his job and it gets him the money he needs, just like any other job, even if the morals are, like in Weisberger’s novel, questionable.
There is one practitioner who has innocent reasoning in fiction, and does pr campaigns for the good of society and his fellow man. In ‘Hancock’, starring Will Smith, the pr Ray Embrey says to Hancock “People should love you. They really should, okay? And I want to deliver that for you. It's the least that I can do. You're a superhero. Kids should be running up to you, asking for your autograph, people should be cheering you on the streets...” Ray literally is in the job to help society feel better, to boost morale. He is depicted as very war time pr when the government needed to send out messages to make society feel safe and keep people happy enough to survive through the war.
In conclusion, pr practitioners are depicted mostly as people with a talent for words just working another job but do it celebrated in the media. They talk to people and they get to know people, even if it is just making acquaintances rather than real friendships. It also seeps into their personal lives, it is very much a career that covers your life for 24/7 and the practitioner used for analogy tends to be a strong character that can cope with the pressures of the workload, but of course the plot of a fiction would be difficult and complicated to overcome so there is some extremist scenarios you have to overlook for a representation of the character.
1002 words.
References
Hancock, 2008. [Film] Directed by Peter Berg. USA: Columbia Pictures.
Thank-you for smoking, 2005. [Film] Directed by Jason Reitman. USA: 20th Century Fox.
Weisberger, Lauren. Everyone Worth Knowing. 2005. Harper Collins: London.
Saturday, April 24, 2010
Assignment, Histories and Practices. PR Jobs
Assignment: Take a look at the jobs section of PR Week. What kind of skills are employers looking for? Are there differences between sectors? Is there a sector that appeals to you?
Browsing through the job opportunities on www.prweekjobs.com it became obvious; as was expected, that all sectors require an applicant has ‘excellent writing skills.’ A large part of communication is written, be it a press release, an email, a newsletter, etc; therefore an enjoyment in writing and the ability to enchant a reader throughout the text is a desirable quality that is necessary within any Public Relation role as PR is basically the art of communication.
They all made casual references to ‘B2B’ as well as consumer relations; a few on the list saying that they wanted/or would accommodate an applicant who was specialised in either. At first the B2B acronym didn’t make sense to me, but after researching it was business to business it was just another expected characteristic of ‘what public relations people do’ (Fawkes, 2004: 45). It was intriguing that employers would want specialists in either B2B or B2C (business to consumer) when it shows the mark of a good writer when they can easily adapt to different styles. Alas, it seems comforting that employers do have a sense of reality and understand that not everyone is going to be the best at everything and will play to an applicant’s strengths, as, at the end of the day, it is results that matter for the agency and client, and we cannot wait around forever for the perfect person.
In sectors that were concerned with travel and government they specified intimate knowledge of the area, to the point of political agenda and contacts. Prior knowledge is useful in most careers but PR practitioners need to know more than just media related topics, they need to know what goes into the media and every influence; which can just grow in every sector. They need to be omniscient. As amazing as it could be to know a lot, to try and keep so much knowledge, especially in the media where it changes daily, would be intensely difficult. It would become too easy to neglect something unless your time management and observation skills were acute; therefore it can be concluded here that PR practitioners need to be very devoted people.
This statement is reinforced with some examples of skill descriptions such as ‘enthusiastic and passionate about PR’ and ‘willing to go the extra mile for the client.’ To have the loyalty to your career for this, as it is a 24/7 role, would be terrifying for most, and so a strong personality is needed. This is not said explicitly but the cumulative ethos of skills listed so frequently within the jobs description almost screams warning to the weak willed.
Carrying on from an earlier claim; it was surprising to see how often the requirement of contacts came up in the descriptions. Looking at both senior and junior level applications I knew senior roles would already need to have a place within the media industry, but for the juniors it was still necessary, and nobody would take anyone with under a year experience. Therefore, placements whilst in education are really important as Emma Newman, marketing manager at Decca records said in a guest lecture at UCF, Friday 23rd April 2010.
The media is about knowledge of what you know, but there is a very big emphasis on who you know, as friendship relationships will get favours done quicker in the industry, it can be the difference between a press release printed or thrown out.
References
TENCH, Ralph. YEOMANS, Liz. 2006. Exploring Public Relations. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Browsing through the job opportunities on www.prweekjobs.com it became obvious; as was expected, that all sectors require an applicant has ‘excellent writing skills.’ A large part of communication is written, be it a press release, an email, a newsletter, etc; therefore an enjoyment in writing and the ability to enchant a reader throughout the text is a desirable quality that is necessary within any Public Relation role as PR is basically the art of communication.
They all made casual references to ‘B2B’ as well as consumer relations; a few on the list saying that they wanted/or would accommodate an applicant who was specialised in either. At first the B2B acronym didn’t make sense to me, but after researching it was business to business it was just another expected characteristic of ‘what public relations people do’ (Fawkes, 2004: 45). It was intriguing that employers would want specialists in either B2B or B2C (business to consumer) when it shows the mark of a good writer when they can easily adapt to different styles. Alas, it seems comforting that employers do have a sense of reality and understand that not everyone is going to be the best at everything and will play to an applicant’s strengths, as, at the end of the day, it is results that matter for the agency and client, and we cannot wait around forever for the perfect person.
In sectors that were concerned with travel and government they specified intimate knowledge of the area, to the point of political agenda and contacts. Prior knowledge is useful in most careers but PR practitioners need to know more than just media related topics, they need to know what goes into the media and every influence; which can just grow in every sector. They need to be omniscient. As amazing as it could be to know a lot, to try and keep so much knowledge, especially in the media where it changes daily, would be intensely difficult. It would become too easy to neglect something unless your time management and observation skills were acute; therefore it can be concluded here that PR practitioners need to be very devoted people.
This statement is reinforced with some examples of skill descriptions such as ‘enthusiastic and passionate about PR’ and ‘willing to go the extra mile for the client.’ To have the loyalty to your career for this, as it is a 24/7 role, would be terrifying for most, and so a strong personality is needed. This is not said explicitly but the cumulative ethos of skills listed so frequently within the jobs description almost screams warning to the weak willed.
Carrying on from an earlier claim; it was surprising to see how often the requirement of contacts came up in the descriptions. Looking at both senior and junior level applications I knew senior roles would already need to have a place within the media industry, but for the juniors it was still necessary, and nobody would take anyone with under a year experience. Therefore, placements whilst in education are really important as Emma Newman, marketing manager at Decca records said in a guest lecture at UCF, Friday 23rd April 2010.
The media is about knowledge of what you know, but there is a very big emphasis on who you know, as friendship relationships will get favours done quicker in the industry, it can be the difference between a press release printed or thrown out.
References
TENCH, Ralph. YEOMANS, Liz. 2006. Exploring Public Relations. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Thursday, March 04, 2010
Assignment 1; Histories: Academia verses Practitioner.
Academic definition:
“PR is about managing communications in order to build good relationships and understanding between an organisation and its most important audiences.” (Gordon, 1997: 5)
Verses
Practitioner definition:
“PR is the discipline that looks after reputation with the aim of earning understanding and support and influencing opinion and behaviour. It is planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between an organisation and its publics.” (PRCA definition, 2004: 6.)
Objective: discern which of the above definitions are most appropriate for PR.
Public Relations is a developing career, it is still young in terms of the time it has been recognised as an occupation. When PR emerged it shared a quantity of theories with other professions, thus creating a change in definitions depending on the standpoint of the practise.
Those teaching the theology of Public Relations will need to focus on an ethical perspective, so that students may enter the vocation with an understanding mind of what is expected from both company and audience; while people already in the work of PR will be more attentive on how to communicate between client and publics. The latter already understand the perspectives on their employment, and so the definition of PR to them would be focused on maintaining the attention of the target audience for the client, not the audience itself.
The Academic one leans on the idea that the target audience is the important aspect in the equation of PR communication; whereas the Practitioner definition describes the ongoing communication used by PR practitioners and highlights the importance of mutual benefits for both company and audience. This may be because the academic can take an objective view of the execution of PR in use as they do not have the responsibility of accounts and financial reviews, therefore can perceive the campaign set up without the profitable benefit.
One could suppose that both definitions could be viewed as Grunig’s [A]Symmetric theories (1984: 147). The Academic; with its view of the publics importance has a Asymmetric ideology to public relations; whereby the company is in a mutual position as their audience (or stockholders, retailers, etc) to possess the power of control over said company.
Conversely, the Practitioner definition can be alleged as Symmetric. It quotes the term ‘mutual understanding between an organisation and its publics,’ explaining that both require information and feedback from the other to continue on.
However, this definition appears to have the tone of an afterthought for the publics. The definition begins with the role of ‘looks after reputation’. One may consider the effect of this discourse, psychologically we as humans categorise and prioritise; the easiest route to this are lists. The definition has phrases, or more obvious key words, in a specific list: Reputation, support, influence, maintain, mutual, organisation and finally publics. The inclusion of these words show a respect and awareness to each one, but their order provides knowledge of the thought process when preparing a campaign.
The argument at this point is that the Academic also ends with ‘audiences’ and leaves it at the end of the definition, the ‘final thought.’ Alas, lexically they still differ greatly, Practitioner used ‘Publics’ which include a multitude of societies and communities aside from audience, whereas Academics specified ‘Audience;’ the latter lacks the financial necessity that attaches publics such as shareholders and employees, for example, to the organisation, causing the effect that the PR is focused on primarily on the target of the campaign, no-one else.
In Conclusion, the Practitioner definition seems most appropriate as it negotiates the many outlooks and skills required of Public Relations practitioner within the industry. The Academic definition left wanting in regards of differentiating between departments in the organisation that the PR practitioner shall work in.
References
TENCH, Ralph. YEOMANS, Liz. 2006. Exploring Public Relations. Essex. Pearson Education Limited.
Bibliography
PARTRIDGE, Eric. [revised by WHITCUT, Janet] 1942. Usage And Abusage: A Guide To Good English [third edition: 1999] London. Penguin Books Ltd.
CARDWELL, M and FLANAGAN, C. 2003. Psychology AS The Complete Companion. Cheltenham. Nelson Thornes Ltd.
Self Assesment:
• Pros: I found I could appeal to the differences within the definitions given and had, in my own opinion, understood what was meant by the assignment task of which would be more ‘appropriate’.
• Cons: Although I was intrigued by this assignment I found it very difficult to articulate, I feel as though I may have allowed myself to ramble within the discussion and could have got my point across better plus gone into the use of mutual and how this was an important word etc.
• Self motivated task: plan assignments beforehand. Shirk the habit of writing out the thought process during the essay.
“PR is about managing communications in order to build good relationships and understanding between an organisation and its most important audiences.” (Gordon, 1997: 5)
Verses
Practitioner definition:
“PR is the discipline that looks after reputation with the aim of earning understanding and support and influencing opinion and behaviour. It is planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between an organisation and its publics.” (PRCA definition, 2004: 6.)
Objective: discern which of the above definitions are most appropriate for PR.
Public Relations is a developing career, it is still young in terms of the time it has been recognised as an occupation. When PR emerged it shared a quantity of theories with other professions, thus creating a change in definitions depending on the standpoint of the practise.
Those teaching the theology of Public Relations will need to focus on an ethical perspective, so that students may enter the vocation with an understanding mind of what is expected from both company and audience; while people already in the work of PR will be more attentive on how to communicate between client and publics. The latter already understand the perspectives on their employment, and so the definition of PR to them would be focused on maintaining the attention of the target audience for the client, not the audience itself.
The Academic one leans on the idea that the target audience is the important aspect in the equation of PR communication; whereas the Practitioner definition describes the ongoing communication used by PR practitioners and highlights the importance of mutual benefits for both company and audience. This may be because the academic can take an objective view of the execution of PR in use as they do not have the responsibility of accounts and financial reviews, therefore can perceive the campaign set up without the profitable benefit.
One could suppose that both definitions could be viewed as Grunig’s [A]Symmetric theories (1984: 147). The Academic; with its view of the publics importance has a Asymmetric ideology to public relations; whereby the company is in a mutual position as their audience (or stockholders, retailers, etc) to possess the power of control over said company.
Conversely, the Practitioner definition can be alleged as Symmetric. It quotes the term ‘mutual understanding between an organisation and its publics,’ explaining that both require information and feedback from the other to continue on.
However, this definition appears to have the tone of an afterthought for the publics. The definition begins with the role of ‘looks after reputation’. One may consider the effect of this discourse, psychologically we as humans categorise and prioritise; the easiest route to this are lists. The definition has phrases, or more obvious key words, in a specific list: Reputation, support, influence, maintain, mutual, organisation and finally publics. The inclusion of these words show a respect and awareness to each one, but their order provides knowledge of the thought process when preparing a campaign.
The argument at this point is that the Academic also ends with ‘audiences’ and leaves it at the end of the definition, the ‘final thought.’ Alas, lexically they still differ greatly, Practitioner used ‘Publics’ which include a multitude of societies and communities aside from audience, whereas Academics specified ‘Audience;’ the latter lacks the financial necessity that attaches publics such as shareholders and employees, for example, to the organisation, causing the effect that the PR is focused on primarily on the target of the campaign, no-one else.
In Conclusion, the Practitioner definition seems most appropriate as it negotiates the many outlooks and skills required of Public Relations practitioner within the industry. The Academic definition left wanting in regards of differentiating between departments in the organisation that the PR practitioner shall work in.
References
TENCH, Ralph. YEOMANS, Liz. 2006. Exploring Public Relations. Essex. Pearson Education Limited.
Bibliography
PARTRIDGE, Eric. [revised by WHITCUT, Janet] 1942. Usage And Abusage: A Guide To Good English [third edition: 1999] London. Penguin Books Ltd.
CARDWELL, M and FLANAGAN, C. 2003. Psychology AS The Complete Companion. Cheltenham. Nelson Thornes Ltd.
Self Assesment:
• Pros: I found I could appeal to the differences within the definitions given and had, in my own opinion, understood what was meant by the assignment task of which would be more ‘appropriate’.
• Cons: Although I was intrigued by this assignment I found it very difficult to articulate, I feel as though I may have allowed myself to ramble within the discussion and could have got my point across better plus gone into the use of mutual and how this was an important word etc.
• Self motivated task: plan assignments beforehand. Shirk the habit of writing out the thought process during the essay.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
